Creating tar archive
tar cf <file.tar> <files>
Extracting tar archive
tar xf <file.tar>
Creating a tar with gzip compression
tar czf <file.tar.gz> <files>
Extracting tar Using Gzip
tar xzf <file.tar.gz>
Creating a tar with bzip2 compression
tar cjf <file.tar.bz2>
Extracting a tar using bzip2
tar xjf <file.tar.bz2>
Compressing file and renaming it to file.gz
gzip <file>
Decompressing file.gz back to file
gzip -d <file.gz>
Compressing files with zip
zip <file.zip> <input files>
Compressing directories/files and its content with zip
zip -r <file.zip> <inputdirs and files>
Decompressing zip archive
unzip <file.zip>
Decompressing zip archive to directory
unzip <file.zip> -d <outputdir>
Directory listing
ls
Listing directory with hidden files and additional info, like owner or human readable file sizes
ls -alh
Current working directory
pwd
Changing directory to dir
cd <dir>
Changing directory to home
cd
Removing file
rm <file>
Removing directories
rm -r <dir1> <dir2>
Removing files by forcing (ignores nonexistent files/dirs)
rm -fr <files dirs> # you can use -i to prompt before removal and -v for what is being removed
Copy file1 to file2
cp <file1> <file2>
Copy dir1 to dir2
cp -r <dir1> <dir2>
Print file content
cat <filepath>
Print last 20 lines of file content
tail -20 <filepath>
output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines
tail -f <filepath>
output the contents of a file or standard input line by line but in reverse order, printing last line first
tac [OPTIONS]... [FILE]...
Upgrade from registered repositories
apt-get update apt-get upgrade
or
aptitude update aptitude upgrade
Install local package
dpkg -i <deb file path>
List packages in system
dpkg -l | grep ^i
or
dpkg --get-selections | grep -E "\s+install$"
Show package's info
aptitude show <package name>
or
apt-cache show <package name>
Show dependency of a package
apt-cache depends <package name>
Show reverse dependency of a package
apt-cache rdepends <package name>
Search a file to find which package belongs to
dpkg -S <any_string>
Ctrl+C – Interrupt/Kill whatever you are running
Ctrl+Z – Suspen whatever you are running, resume with fg in the foreground or bg in the background
Ctrl+D – log out of current session, similar to exit
Ctrl+W – erases one word from left in the current line
Ctrl+U – cuts from cursor to left
Ctrl+K – cuts from cursor to right
Ctrl+Y – Paste the last thing to be cut
Ctrl+R – bring up history search and type to find command includes the text you entered (if you press Ctrl+R again, you can see other command alternative)
!! - repeats the last command
exit – log out of current session